ghabh-

    ghabh-

    English meaning: to grab, take

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “fassen, nehmen”

    Note: Root ghabh- : “to grab, take” derived from the extended labials: geleb(h)-, glēb(h)- (: glǝb(h)-) and gleb(h)- (:gl̥b(h)-) of Root gel-1 : “to curl; round” [see above].

    Note: with ē-forms durative “ have on, wear, hold on, possess, adhere to “, could be onomatopoeic words (imitation of of snatch sound), what would explain the frequent coincidence with the synonymous roots qagh- and qap- (compare also Vendryes MSL. 18, 310); on the other hand place EM2 150 for qap- (also also for ghabh-) put a vocalism ē : ō : ǝ (against it Reichelt KZ. 46, 339, WP. I 344, WH. I 159), so that its root must be assumed as ghǝbh- and O.Ind. gábhasti-ḥ “hand” then was to be kept away.

    Material: O.Ind. gábhasti-ḥ m. “ forearm, hand”; Lat. habeō, -ēre “hold, possess, have”, etc.; dēbeō “ to owe, to be indebted to somebody for anything; to be due to do a thing, be morally bound to or be bound by logic or necessity or law to; to have to pay because of fate, to be destined to give, have to “ (*dē-habeō), praebeō “ to offer, hold out; to provide, supply, allow; bestow; with reflex. to present or show oneself in a certain character, behave as “ (older prae-hibeō = Umbr. pre-habia, pre-hubia “ to hold forth, reach out, proffer, offer, tender “), habē-nü f. “ a strap; a bridle, reins “, habilis “ easily managed, handy; suitable, fit, convenient “, etc.; Maybe abbreviated Alb. (*habeō, kapem) kam “hold, possess, have” similar to Pol. jestem “I am” : Alb. jam “I am”, common Alb. h- > k- ; -b- > -mb- > -m- phonetic mutations found in Corn. caf(f)os, cafes, M.Bret. caf(f)out, Bret. kavout “have”.

    Note: Also zero grade in Alb. preterite (ha)pata “I held, possessed, had” Osc. i̯o-inflection: haf[íar] “ have, hold, support, carry, wear “, hafiest “ have, hold, support, carry, wear “ (*ghabh-), in addition Präter. stem hip- (*ghēp-, probably through influence of Lat. capiō : cēpī; different EM2 442) in Konj. perf. hipid, Fut. exakt. hipust “ will hold, possess, have “; Umbr. habe “ have, hold, support, carry, wear “, Imper. habitu, habetu “ have, hold, support, carry, wear “ (*habē-) besides habiest “they have, hold, support, carry, wear “ (*habi̯ō) and sub-ahtu, subotu “ send different ways, send out, send forth, send about, scatter, distribute “ (*sub-habĭ-tōd), etc.; to Umbr. -b- compare Devoto, Tabulae Iguvinae 172 ff., v. Blumenthal, Iguv. Taf. 662; Maybe Alb.Tosk (*(h)ap) jap, Gheg ep (nasalized) nep “ give “ : O.H.G. geban “give”. O.Ir. gaibid “ takes, seizes etc.”, later also “ attains, gets “ (*ghab(h)-i-ti), verbal noun gabal f. (Celt. *gabaglü , the ending probably attributed to *kaglü, Welsh cael “ attainment “; see under qagh- “catch”) “ the taking “ = Welsh gafael “ the holding on “ (f = v), Corn. gavel f. “ the holds, the seizing “, O.Bret. an-gabol “ the grabbing, resumption “; otherwise mostly in Brit. beginning k (attributed to qagh-): M.Welsh and Welsh caffael “ attainment “ (besides cael, see above); das ff derives from the s-subjunctive (v + h > f); with other suffix Corn. caf(f)os, cafes, M.Bret. caf(f)out, Bret. kavout “have”; about the striking congruities Ir. compounds with gaib- with Lat. compositions of habēre s. Pedersen KG. II 532; here also gallorom. *gabella “ fascicle, sheaf, bunch, bundle “ from Gaul. *gabaglü; Goth. gabei f. “ richness “ (*ghabhī), gab(e)igs “rich” (*ghabhīko-), O.H.G. kepi f. “ richness “, kepic “rich”, O.E. giefig, O.Ice. gǫfugr ds.; gǣ fa f. “luck”, gǣ fr “ generous, pleasant, helpful “ (Gmc. *gēbiz), M.H.G. gæbe ds., Ger. gäbe “give”; in addition also the Gmc. matron’s name Ala-gabiae “ the all giving ones “, GN Fria-gabis “ dear giver “; about den GN Garman-gabis s. Gutenbrunner Gmc. God’s names 90 ff.; Goth. PN Gaf-ildo, O.H.G. Gab-ward; Gmc. neologism (as replacement for dō- “give”) is Goth. giban (Präter. gaf, pl. gebum), O.Ice. gefa (Run. 1. sg. present gifu, 3. sg. Präter. gaf), O.E. giefan, O.H.G. geban etc. “give”; Goth. giba f., O.Ice. gjǫf, O.E. giefu, O.H.G. geba f. “gift”; after Kretschmer Gl. 19, 208 derives the vowel of Gmc. *ʒeƀan of contrasted neman “take”; O.H.G. PN Gibicho, O.Ice. Gjūki; Gmc. *kaƀisi̯ ō f. in O.E. cefes, cyfes “ bondmaid, concubine “, O.H.G. kebisa “ concubine, mistress “, besides O.N. kefser m. “captive”, would lead back (doubtful) to a IE additional form *gabh-; Lith. gãbana, gabanà f. “ armful, armload (hay)”; besides gabenù, gabénti “ take away “, Präter. dial. at-ge ́bau “ has brought “ (compare Lat. capiō: cēpi), gabùs “ gifted, talented “, gebù, gebe ́ti “ to be able, be used to, be accustomed to “; with ō: gobùs “ greedy “, gõbis m. “greed, lust”, dial. guõbti “ snatch “, etc.; Slav. (originally iterative) *gabajǫ, *gabati in Pol. gabać “ assail, gripe “, wRuss. habáć “ take, gripe “, etc.; O.C.S. gobino “fullness, wealth”, gobьzь “rich” are Gmc. Lw. About the expressive character of ch- in Russ. chábitь “grab quickly “, chopítь “ grasp, catch” etc. s. Machek Slavia 16, 178, 208 ff.

    References: WP. I 344 f., WH. I 158 ff., 630 f., Trautmann 74, Feist 175 f., 214.